干纱织物预成型机理和工艺参数多目标优化

Preforming mechanism of dry yarn fabric and multi-objective optimization of process parameters

  • 摘要: 织物类型和成型工艺参数是影响干纱织物预成型体质量的重要因素。以碳纤维平纹机织物(PWF-C)、玻璃纤维平纹机织物(PWF-G)和无卷曲玻璃纤维编织物(NCF-G)为研究对象,探究不同预成型工艺参数对预成型体面外褶皱数量和剪切角大小的影响。首先,利用响应面法(RSM)分别建立面外褶皱和剪切角相关回归模型,并进行可靠性分析;结合非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对预成型工艺的织物类型和工艺参数进行多目标优化,获得帕累托(Pareto)解集;随后,采用优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)决策出最优解;最后,开展试验验证最优解。结果表明:与成型高度相比,预成型体的面外褶皱数量受压边圈重量影响较大,且面外褶皱数量随着压边圈重量的增加先减小后增加;与压边圈重量相比,预成型体的剪切角受成型高度的影响较大,且剪切角随着成型高度的增加而增加;采用NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化后的最佳结果与试验结果吻合较好,表现为预成型体在面外褶皱数量方面误差为0.95%,在剪切角大小方面误差1.71%。以上的研究成果可为干纱织物预成型工艺提供指导。

     

    Abstract: Fabric types and forming process parameters are important factors that affect the quality of dry yarn fabric preforms. Taking plain weave carbon fiber fabric (PWF-C), plain weave glass fiber fabric (PWF-G) and non-crimp glass fiber braid (NCF-G) as the research objects, the influence of different preforming process parameters on the out-of-plane wrinkles and the size of the shear angle of the preforms was explored. Firstly, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to establish regression models for out-of-plane wrinkles and shear angle respectively, and reliability analysis was carried out. Combined with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ), multi-objective optimization was conducted on the fabric types and process parameters of the preforming process to obtain the Pareto solution set. Subsequently, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted for decision-making to select the optimal solution. Finally, the final optimization results were verified through experimental methods. The results show that compared with fabric types and forming height, the number of out-of-plane wrinkles is most affected by the blank holder, and the number of out-of-plane wrinkles first decreases and then increases with the increase in the weight of the blank holder. Compared with fabric types and the weight of the blank holder, the shear angle is most affected by the forming height, and the shear angle increases with the increase in the forming height. The best results after multi-objective optimization using NSGA-Ⅱ are in good agreement with the experimental results, with an error of 0.95% for the number of out-of-plane wrinkles and an error of 1.71% for the shear angle. The above research results can provide guidance for the dry yarn fabrics preforming process.

     

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