Abstract: In this study, a polyacrylamide/chitosan (PAM/CS) -Mg²⁺ adhesive and conductive composite hydrogel reinforced with a polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylic (PAA/PVA) acid electrospun nanofibrous mat was fabricated via UV-initiated in-situ polymerization to construct an interpenetrating network. Through the synergistic effects of covalent cross-linking, ionic bonding, coordination, and hydrogen bonding, robust interfacial integration between the nanofibrous layer and the hydrogel matrix was achieved, forming a stable multilayer structure. The composite hydrogel exhibited significantly improved properties: tensile strength reached 82.3 kPa, 9 times that of the pristine hydrogel; peeling adhesion strength was 22.4 kPa; ionic conductivity was approximately 2.0 S/m; and the maximum gauge factor for strain sensing was 5.76. Furthermore, the material maintained structural stability under cyclic loading and swelling conditions, with repeatable and reliable sensing signals. This work provides a strategy for designing hydrogel materials combining high strength, strong adhesion, and high sensitivity, showing potential for applications in flexible electronics and bio-interface engineering.