Abstract: This article establishes an electromagnetic simulation model for heterogeneous lattice materials based on their structural characteristics. Through simulations of the electrical properties of the materials, the influence of factors such as electromagnetic functional layer thickness, lattice length, and material thickness on the electromagnetic properties of heterogeneous lattice materials is studied, achieving wideband electromagnetic performance optimization of heterogeneous lattice materials. The results show that the low-frequency electromagnetic effect gradually increases with the increase of the thickness of the electromagnetic functional layer, while the high-frequency electromagnetic performance overall improves and then weakens. Only when the dielectric properties reach the optimal balance between electromagnetic matching characteristics and attenuation characteristics, can the electromagnetic effect of the material reach its optimum. As the length of the lattice increases, the absorption peak gradually shifts towards higher frequencies. When the lattice length increases to 3 mm or more, the electromagnetic effect shows a decreasing trend. As the material thickness increases, the low-frequency electromagnetic effect of heterogeneous materials gradually strengthens, while the high-frequency electromagnetic effect is less affected. When the material thickness increases to a certain extent (above 15 mm), the electromagnetic effect gradually stabilizes and no longer changes significantly. The wideband electrical performance can be optimized by designing a reasonable gradient electrical structure, and the optimized heterogeneous lattice structure has good wideband electromagnetic effects in the frequency range of 1-18 GHz.