基于超临界CO2发泡技术制备的柔性高灵敏多孔EVA压力传感器及其阻燃性能

A flexible, highly sensitive porous EVA pressure sensor based on the supercritical CO2 foaming, with fire safety

  • 摘要: 本研究以碳纳米管(CNTs)作为导电材料和吸波剂,黑磷(BP)作为阻燃剂和界面敏化剂,采用微波诱导乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)/超临界CO2复合材料发泡技术,成功制备出高灵敏度的EVA泡沫柔性压力传感器。实验结果表明:烧结成型的EVA/BP-CNTs(EBC)复合泡沫在0-0.3 MPa的压缩应力范围内,展现出3.93 MPa−1的高灵敏度、优异的抗压强度(6.1 MPa)、良好的循环稳定性(超过5000次)和耐用性(超过50000秒)。锥形量热测试结果显示,EBC复合材料在热释放峰值(pHRR)、热释放总量(THR)和CO2热释峰值(pCO2)方面分别下降了34.6%、18.7%和40.9%,展现出显著的防火安全性。基于这些优异性能,该高性能柔性压力传感器具有广阔的应用前景,特别适用于人体运动监测、智能电子和可穿戴设备等领域。

     

    Abstract: This study employed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as both the conductive medium and electromagnetic wave absorber, while utilizing black phosphorus (BP) as a flame retardant and interfacial sensitizer. By integrating microwave-induced heating with supercritical CO2 foaming techniques, a highly sensitive EVA-based flexible foam pressure sensor was successfully developed. Experimental results demonstrated that the fabricated EVA/BP-CNTs (EBC) composite foam exhibited a high sensitivity of 3.93 MPa−1 within the 0-0.3 MPa compressive stress range, along with excellent compressive strength (6.1 MPa), outstanding cyclic stability (over 5,000 cycles), and long-term durability (exceeding 50,000 seconds). Cone calorimetry analysis revealed significant reductions in fire hazards: peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and peak CO2 production (pCO2) were decreased by 34.6% , 18.7%, and 40.9%, respectively, indicating enhanced fire safety performance. Owing to these superior characteristics, the developed flexible pressure sensor demonstrates considerable potential for applications in human motion monitoring, smart electronics, and wearable devices.

     

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