陶瓷基复合材料火焰筒设计、制备与考核验证

Design, fabrication and testing of ceramic-matrix composite combustor linear

  • 摘要: 火焰筒是燃气涡轮发动机典型的热端部件。针对SiC/SiC火焰筒设计、制备与考核验证开展研究,采用2.5D-SiC纤维预制体作为SiC/SiC火焰筒的增强体,采用化学气相沉积工艺(Chemical Vapor Infiltration, CVI)在2.5D-SiC纤维预制体表面沉积BN界面相,提高火焰筒结构的损伤容限能力;采用化学气相沉积+先驱体浸渍热解(Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis, PIP)混合工艺沉积SiC基体,降低火焰筒内部孔隙率,提高基体致密度;采用超声振动辅助加工方式加工火焰筒气膜孔,通过高温陶瓷胶辅助铆接等工序集成装配火焰筒。开展了SiC/SiC火焰筒地面台架考核测试,监测火焰筒进口七个状态(例如,进口压力和温度)出口温度场分布,火焰筒出口燃气平均温度达到了1500℃,最高热点温度达到了1700℃,SiC/SiC火焰筒主体结构完整。采用微米级CT切片扫描方法对台架考核后的SiC/SiC内、外火焰筒进行损伤检测,内火焰筒大尺寸孔隙主要集中在最大尺寸的气膜孔附近;外火焰筒缺陷形式主要为分层,集中在底部较厚区域。

     

    Abstract: The combustor linear is a typical hot-section component of a gas turbine engine. Design, fabrication, and testing validation of SiC/SiC combustor linear were conducted. The 2.5D-SiC fiber preforms were used as the reinforcement for the SiC/SiC combustor linear, and the BN interphase was deposited on the surface of the 2.5D-SiC fiber preforms using the chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) process to enhance the damage tolerance of the combustor linear structure. The SiC matrix was deposited using the CVI + precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) hybrid process to reduce the internal porosity and improve the density of SiC matrix. The air film holes were machined using the ultrasonic vibration assisted machining and the combustor linear was assembled through high temperature ceramic glue assisted riveting. Ground bench tests were conducted, and the outlet temperature distributions were monitored for seven different operating conditions (e.g., inlet pressure and temperature). The average outlet temperature of the tested combustor linear reached 1500°C, with the highest temperature approaching 1700°C. The integrity of the SiC/SiC combustor liner remained after testing. The inner and outer SiC/SiC combustor liners were detected for damage using micro-CT section scanning after the bench test, with the large-sized pores in inner combustor liner mainly concentrated near the largest air film hole; the defect forms of outer combustor liner mainly consisted of delamination, concentrating at the thicker bottom region.

     

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