Abstract: This work aims to address the key issues greatly affecting the engineering applications of pultruded fiber reinforced polymer (PFRP or PGFRP for glass fiber) composite profiles and their structures, including mechanical property of material, structural performance and design, environmental durability, and economic performance evaluation. First, mechanical property of PFRPs has great impact on the core competitiveness of PFRP structures. Second, PFRP structural members are designed to be conservative in terms of the load-carrying capacity, and structural deformation is greatly affected by the low mechanical property of material, thus leading to reduced material efficiency. Additionally, connection method is substantially affected by shear strength of material, and thus, high strength material is recommended to be included in the standard. Third, environmental durability of PFRPs is correlated with their mechanical property, while current design method does not sufficiently address the influence of different fiber and resin systems. Last but not least, structural weight is the key to the evaluation of economic performance of PFRP structures, and longitudinal elastic modulus is the key to the control of structural weight. Based on above issues, four suggestions are proposed for the future development of PFRP composite profiles and their structures, including improving the standard system, increasing the material property, updating the design method, and expanding the application field.