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摘要: 采用电弧驻点烧蚀实验方法, 测试了分别以细编穿刺毡和针刺无纬布整体毡为增强体的2种C/C复合材料的烧蚀率, 并用电子扫描显微镜观察了烧蚀表面形貌。结果表明: C/C复合材料的烧蚀由化学烧蚀和机械剥蚀共同控制, 以机械剥蚀为主; 细编穿刺毡结构C/C复合材料由于Z向纤维束的存在, 加速了材料烧蚀表面粗糙度的变化, 烧蚀率略高于针刺无纬布整体毡结构C/C复合材料; 针刺无纬布整体毡结构C/C复合材料中无纬布层与烧蚀气流垂直, 具有良好的烧蚀性能。Abstract: The ablation performances of carbon /carbon composites with 3D fine woven pierced felt structure and carbon fiber needled bulk felt structure were respectively tested on an arc heater, and the morphologies of specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results show that the ablation process of C/C composites is controlled by chemical erosion and mechanical erosion and mainly by mechanical erosion. The surface roughness would be accelerated because of the existence of Z direction carbon fiber bundles, and the ablation rate of the C/C composite with 3D fine woven pierced structure is higher than that of the unidirectional carbon fiber needled bulk felt structure. In addition, because the unidirectional carbon fibers are perpendicular to the ablation flow, the C/C composite with the unidirectional carbon fiber needled bulk felt structure has good ablation performance.
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