Abstract: On the basis of the treatment of Kevlar fiber with phosphorous acid (PA)solution, the effects of structure and property of resin matrix on the Kevlar composite were studied. Meanwhile, the mechanical property and thermal mechanical property of Kevlar fiber/epoxy composite were analyzed. The results show that there exist polar functional groups on the fiber surface after being treated with phosphorous solution, which can provide good compatibility between Kevlar fiber and glyceride epoxy resins. For the Kevlar fiber/optimized resin matrix composites, the percentage translation of fiber strength of Naval Ordnance Laboratory (NOL) Rings attains to 95%, while the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) are 79MPa and 76MPa, respectively. Moreover, the interfacial properties of the composites are excellent.