Abstract: To provide a theoretical basis for developing heat-resisting material and cryogenic temperature material, the tensile properties of nylon short fiber reinforced foam rubber composites (SFRFRC) with the identical spongy rate but different short fiber volume fractions and the identical short fiber volume fraction but differently spongy rates were tested at 213～398 K. The results show that the compressive properties of SFRFRC changed obviously from high-elastic state to glass state at 213 K, and the glass transition temperatures are in the range of 213～233 K.Short fiber volume fraction and spongy rate have a significant effect on the low-temperature-resistant properties of the SFRFRC. It can significantly improve the compressive properties of SFRFRC by adding the short fiber volume fraction and changing appropriately the spongy rate at low temperatures. Under conditions of 160 N and 5 mm, the permanent compression set of SFRFRC with the identical spongy rate but different short fiber volume fractions decreases with the short fiber volume fraction increasing, and the permanent compression set of SFRFRC with 5 % short fiber volume fraction with different spongy rates increases with the spongy rate increasing.