Abstract: The strength and toughness of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) can be improved by using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), so that LWAC can be applied in more engineering practice. In order to study the axial compressive properties of coal gangue ceramic lightweight aggregate concrete confined by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), a monotony axial compression test was carried out on 36 concrete cylindrical specimens. The effects of light aggregate concrete strength and CFRP confinement on the failure mode, limit state, dilation properties and stress-strain relationship were analyzed. The results show that CFRP can improve the strength and ductility of light aggregate concrete. The minimum value of compressive strength increase is 1.26 times, and the maximum value is 2.75 times. The minimum value of ductility increase is 4.94 times, and the maximum value is 15.75 times. However, the aggregate properties also have a significant impact on the effectiveness of CFRP confinement, which leads to significant differences in the mechanical properties of natural aggregate (NA) concrete and coal gangue ceramsite (CGC) concrete under CFRP confinement. In order to establish the stress-strain analysis model of coal gangue ceramic lightweight aggregate concrete confine by CFRP, the existing constraint analysis model is modified on the basis of the experimental data in this paper and the validity of the revised analysis model is verified by the experimental data in the existing literature.