Abstract: With the rapid development of electronic information technology, higher requirements for the flexibility and optical transparency of electromagnetic shielding materials are put forward in the fields of national defense and military industry, electronic communication, and wearable electronics. Developing high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials with high transparency and flexibility has become a hot research topic. This paper introduced the research progress of polymer-based flexible and transparent electromagnetic shielding composite materials in recent years. The types of polymer substrates and shielding materials, and preparation methods of composite materials were compared and summarized. The mutual restriction problems and solutions of different materials' flexibility, transparency, and electromagnetic shielding properties were expounded. The future development direction of polymer-based flexible and transparent electromagnetic shielding composite materials has prospected.