激光直写制备MnO2/LIG复合电极及其在柔性超级电容器中的应用

MnO2/LIG composite electrode fabricated by laser direct writing method and its application in flexible supercapacitors

  • 摘要: 激光诱导石墨烯(LIG)常用作双电容电容器的电极材料,但较低的电化学性能阻碍了其进一步应用,而复合赝电容材料能有效提高超级电容器性能。本文提出一种基于激光直写表面滴涂高锰酸钾KMnO4的聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜以制备MnO2/LIG复合电极的方法,并将其用于制造平面型柔性超级电容器。测试表明,MnO2纳米颗粒均匀地嵌入在石墨烯多孔结构中,使得MnO2/LIG复合材料融合了石墨烯的强导电性和MnO2的高比电容特性。以MnO2/LIG复合结构为电极、PVA/H3PO4为凝胶电解质,组装了平面型柔性超级电容器,其在10 μA/cm2电流密度下,面积比电容为8.75 mF/cm2,比面积能量密度1.21 μWh/cm2。该器件经过10000次充放电循环后,电容保持率和库伦效率分别高达93%和86%,且在不同弯曲角度下,展现了优异的柔韧性。此外,该器件具有良好的串联/并联特性,可任意组合提升电压和增强能量密度,极大拓展了柔性超级电容器在柔性储能领域的应用场景。

     

    Abstract: Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a widely used electrode material for double-layer electric capacitors, while its relatively low electrochemical properties hinder its further applications. The addition of pseudocapacitive materials can effectively enhance the supercapacitor performance. In this paper, MnO2/LIG composites were synthesized simultaneously by laser direct writing technology, which was further utilized to assemble planar flexible supercapacitors. Tests show that the MnO2 nanoparticles uniformly deposit on the porous structure of graphene, which made the MnO2/LIG composites integrate the strong electrical conductivity of graphene with the high specific capacitance property of MnO2. A planar flexible supercapacitor was assembled with the MnO2/LIG composite structure as the electrode and PVA/H3PO4 as the gel electrolyte, demonstrating a specific area capacitance of 8.75 mF/cm2 and a specific area energy density of 1.21 μWh/cm2 at a current density of 10 μA/cm2. After 10,000 charge/discharge cycles, the assembled supercapacitor keeps a capacitance retention rate of up to 93% and a coulometric efficiency of 86%. Moreover, the device shows excellent flexibility under different bending angles and good series/parallel connection characteristics, which can be arbitrarily combined to increase voltage and energy density, and thus greatly expands the application scenarios of flexible supercapacitors in the field of flexible energy storage.

     

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