Mica nanosheets splitting of aramid fiber and enhanced mechanical and insulation performances of the composites nanofilms
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摘要: 芳纶纳米纤维 (ANF)兼具芳纶纤维轻质、高强高模、耐高温等特点及高性能纤维纳米尺度效应的双重优势,其薄膜强韧化受到研究者的广泛关注。本文采用高速机械球磨法制备云母纳米片 (MNSs) 作为增强体,将其引入芳纶纤维的裂解过程中,在二甲基亚砜/氢氧化钾 (DMSO/KOH) 体系中制备芳纶纳米纤维,通过真空辅助过滤法制备ANF/MNS复合薄膜,重点探究了MNS含量对ANF薄膜力学性能的影响。结果表明:当MNS含量为0.041wt% 时所制备的薄膜力学性能和绝缘性能均最佳,拉伸强度可达249.3 MPa、韧性36.7 MJ·m−3、介电击穿强度46.2 kV·mm−1,与原始ANF薄膜相比,分别提升了45.1%、197.1%和60.0%。纳米尺度的MNS可以与ANF形成强的界面相互作用,MNS的固有强度对纳米薄膜力学性能的提升也有重要贡献。Abstract: The mica nanosheets (MNSs) were prepared by high-speed mechanical ball milling as the reinforcement, and introduced into the splitting process of aramid fibers. The aramid nanofibers (ANFs) were prepared in a dimethyl sulfoxide/potassium hydroxide (DMSO/KOH) system. ANF/MNS composite films were prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration, and the effect of MNS content on the mechanical properties of ANF films was investigated. It gains the best mechanical properties and insulation properties when the MNS content is 0.041wt%. The tensile strength is 249.3 MPa, the toughness is 36.7 MJ·m−3, and the dielectric breakdown strength is 46.2 kV·mm−1. They increased by 45.1%, 197.1% and 60.0% compared with the pure ANF films, respectively. Nanoscale MNS can form strong interfacial interaction with ANF, and the inherent strength of MNS also contributes to the improvement of the mechanical properties of nanofilms.
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Key words:
- aramid nanofibers /
- Mica nanosheets /
- composite film /
- mechanical properties /
- insulating property
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图 5 纯ANF薄膜及不同MNS添加量的MNS/ANF复合薄膜断裂截面和薄膜表面的SEM图像:((a1)~(a4)) ANF;((b1)~(b4)) ANF/MNS-I;((c1)~(c4)) ANF/MNS-II;((d1)~(d4)) ANF/MNS-III;((e1)~(e4)) ANF/MNS-IV
Figure 5. Cross-sectional and surface SEM images of pure ANF and ANF/MNS composite films with different MNS additions: ((a1)-(a4)) ANF; ((b1)-(b4)) ANF/MNS-I; ((c1)-(c4)) ANF/MNS-II; ((d1)-(d4)) ANF/MNS-III; ((e1)-(e4)) ANF/MNS-IV
图 6 纯ANF薄膜及不同MNS添加量的MNS/ANF复合薄膜的绝缘性能:(a)介电常数;(b)介电损耗;(c) 由威布尔分布推导出的介电击穿失效概率;(d)介电击穿强度; (e) 绝缘电阻
E—Dielectric breakdown strength of the material; E0—Characteristic dielectric breakdown strength
Figure 6. Insulation properties of pure ANF films and MNS/ANF composite films with different MNS additions: (a) Dielectric constant; (b) Dielectric loss; (c) Failure probability of dielectric breakdown deduced from the Weibull distribution; (d) Dielectric breakdown strength; (e) Insulation resistance
表 1 100 mL ANFs溶液中MNSs分散液和去离子水(DI)具体添加量
Table 1. Dosage of MNSs dispersion and deionized (DI) water in 100 mL ANFs solution
Sample MNSs dispersions/μL DI water/μL MNSs/wt% ANF 0 1000 0 ANF/MNS-I 200 800 0.020 ANF/MNS-II 400 600 0.041 ANF/MNS-III 600 400 0.061 ANF/MNS-IV 800 200 0.082 -
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