医用聚己内酯/滑石粉形状记忆交联复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and performance of medical PCL-based shape memory composites

  • 摘要: 医用外固定材料的主要组成是聚己内酯(PCL),PCL具有生物相容性和低熔融温度,但其价格昂贵(约8万元/吨),且在使用过程中存在强度与刚性不足等问题。滑石粉(Talc)的化学性质稳定、无毒无味且价格低廉(约0.1万元/吨)。本文以三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)为辐照交联助剂,通过挤出成型及Co-60辐照交联,制备具有良好力学性能的Talc/PCL形状记忆交联复合材料。探究不同辐照剂量对材料微观结构、热性能、力学性能及形状记忆性能的影响规律,并将交联板材进行降解及实际应用研究。结果表明,当辐照剂量为15 kGy时,复合材料的弯曲强度可达29 MPa、弯曲模量可达853.3 MPa,分别是纯PCL的2.6倍和4.2倍,刚度与抗弯能力显著增强,与此同时,复合材料在保持出色弯曲性能的同时,还展现出较好的拉伸性能,其拉伸强度为38.6 MPa,断裂伸长率为999.6%。复合材料具有优异的形状记忆性能及循环稳定性,其形状固定率与回复率分别可达99.0%与99.2%。此外,复合材料还具有较好的可降解性能,在酶催化降解25天后降解率为49.3%。本研究制备的复合材料具有显著的综合性能优势,在医疗领域具有广阔应用空间。

     

    Abstract: The main component of medical external fixation materials is polycaprolactone (PCL), which has biocompatibility and low melting temperature, but its price is expensive (~80,000 yuan/ton), and there are problems such as insufficient strength and rigidity during use. Talc is chemically stable, non-toxic, tasteless and inexpensive (~1,000 yuan/ton). In this paper, using Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) as a radiation crosslinking agent, Talc/PCL shape memory crosslinking composites with good mechanical properties were prepared by extrusion molding and Co-60 irradiation crosslinking. The effects of different radiation doses on microstructure, thermal properties, mechanical properties and shape memory properties were investigated, and the crosslinked sample was degraded and applied in practice. The results show that when the irradiation dose is 15 kGy, the flexure strength of the composite material can reach 29 MPa and the flexure modulus can reach 853.3 MPa, which are 2.6 times and 4.2 times that of pure PCL respectively. The stiffness and bending resistance capacity are significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, while maintaining excellent bending performance, the composite material also exhibits good tensile properties. Its tensile strength is 38.6 MPa and the elongation at break is 999.6%. The composite material has excellent shape memory performance and cycling stability. Its shape fixation rate and recovery rate can reach 99.0% and 99.2% respectively. In addition, the composite material also has good degradability, with a degradation rate of 49.3% after 25 days of enzymatic catalytic degradation. The composite materials prepared in this study have significant comprehensive performance advantages and broad application space in the medical field.

     

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