通电下碳/环氧电热复合材料层间剪切性能实验研究

Experimental study on interlaminar shear properties of carbon/epoxy electrothermal composites under energization

  • 摘要: 为开发适用于直升机防/除冰保护的碳/环氧电热复合材料,本文基于定制纤维铺缝工艺,设计制备三种含Cr20Ni80合金丝的电加热织物,作为碳纤维缎纹织物对称铺层复合材料的中间层,在4.9 V-6.3 V电压下通电20 s,三种电热复合材料表面温度均可升至50 ℃以上。研究发现,衬入电加热层后,三种碳/环氧电热复合材料经向、纬向层间剪切强度保留率分别可达88.9%和84.9%以上,主要破坏模式为电加热层与环氧树脂基体界面分层。0.3 W/cm2功率密度下持续通电20 s,三种电热复合材料经向、纬向层间剪切强度保留率较未通电分别可达93.1%和91.5%以上;0.5 W/cm2功率密度下通电60 s,三种电热复合材料经向、纬向层间剪切强度保留率较未通电分别可达69%和73.6%以上。通电剪切载荷作用下,碳/环氧电热复合材料破坏模式表现为电加热层与环氧树脂基体界面分层、碳纤维断裂及基体开裂三种形式。

     

    Abstract: To develop carbon/epoxy electrothermal composites suitable for helicopter anti-icing/de-icing protection, this study designed and fabricated three types of electrothermal fabrics containing Cr20Ni80 alloy wires based on a customized fiber stitching process. These fabrics were used as the middle layer of symmetrically laminated composites with carbon fiber satin fabrics. When energized at a voltage range of 4.9 V-6.3 V for 20 seconds, the surface temperature of all three electrothermal compo-sites could rise to above 50℃. The results showed that after incorporating the electrothermal layer, the retention rates of warp and weft interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the three carbon/epoxy electrothermal composites reached over 88.9% and 84.9%, respectively, with the main failure mode being interfacial delamination between the electrothermal layer and the epoxy resin matrix. When continuously energized at a power density of 0.3 W/cm2 for 20 seconds, the retention rates of warp and weft ILSS of the three electrothermal composites were over 93.1% and 91.5% compared with the non-energized state; when energized at a power density of 0.5 W/cm2 for 60 seconds, the retention rates of warp and weft ILSS were over 69% and 73.6% respectively relative to the non-energized state. Under energized shear loading, the failure modes of the carbon/epoxy electrothermal composites are manifested as three types: interfacial delamination between the electrothermal layer and the epoxy resin matrix, carbon fiber fracture and matrix cracking.

     

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