CVI 2D C/SiC在线气相铆焊连接的非均匀钉载分配机理

Non-uniform load distribution mechanism of on-line z-pinned joints made of CVI 2D C/SiC composite

  • 摘要: 本研究采用化学气相渗透工艺制备了2D C/SiC复合材料单钉、双钉及三钉等铆接单元,并开展拉伸试验,系统研究多钉排列方式的钉载分配机理。结果表明,销钉数量增加显著提升多钉纵排单元的拉伸强度,三钉纵排强度高达87.8 MPa,约为单钉单元的三倍;而多钉横排单元强度未见提升,均维持在27.0 MPa左右,三钉横排甚至因钉孔搭接界面粘接强度分散性导致强度略低于单钉。通过孔周应变监测发现,多钉横排呈均匀钉载分配,纵排则呈现接替式承载机制,后者刚度与单钉一致,但失效强度和位移随销钉数量倍增,表现出优异的冗余承载能力。声发射监测结果进一步验证该机制,双钉纵排中两钉失效间隔达35 s,且力学曲线趋势未变。声发射聚类分析识别出纤维断裂、基体开裂、界面摩擦和纤维压溃等损伤模式,为揭示C/SiC复合材料连接结构的失效机理与性能优化提供了关键实验依据与理论支撑。

     

    Abstract: This study fabricated single-, double-, triple-pin, and other multi-pin joints of 2D C/SiC composites using chemical vapor infiltration and conducted tensile tests to systematically investigate the load distribution mechanism under different multi-pin configurations. The results indicate that increasing the number of pins significantly enhances the tensile strength of longitudinally arranged joints, with the triple-pin configuration achieving a strength of 87.8 MPa—approximately three times that of the single-pin joint. In contrast, the transversely arranged multi-pin joints showed no improvement in strength, maintaining around 27.0 MPa; the triple-pin transverse configuration showed marginally lower strength than the single-pin joint due to variations in the pin-hole interface bonding strength. Strain monitoring around the holes revealed uniform load distribution in transverse rows and a sequential load-bearing mechanism in longitudinal rows. The longitudinal configurations maintained stiffness consistent with the single-pin joint, yet exhibited multiplied failure strength and displacement with increasing pin count. Acoustic emission monitoring further validated this mechanism, showing a 35 s interval between failures of the two pins in a double-pin longitudinal joint without altering the mechanical response trend. Cluster analysis of acoustic emission signals identified damage modes such as fiber fracture, matrix cracking, interfacial friction, and fiber crushing, providing critical experimental and theoretical support for elucidating the failure mechanisms and optimizing the performance of C/SiC composite joints.

     

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