摘要:
以马来酸化蓖麻油(MACO)为主要原料,利用无机矿物碳酸钙(CaCO3)粒子作为增强材料制备了环境友好的CaCO3/MACO复合材料及其泡沫塑料,研究了CaCO3对MACO力学性能、动态力学性能和热稳定性的影响,分析了无机粒子与基体间的界面相互作用.研究结果表明:CaCO3含量及其与MACO基体聚合物间的界面黏结是影响复合材料强度的关键因素.随CaCO3含量增加,CaCO3/MACO复合材料的刚性增加,当CaCO3添加量为60wt%时,复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度达到最优,分别为26.7 MPa 和46.2 MPa,基本达到部分通用塑料的水平.动态力学和热稳定性分析证明:CaCO3作为增强填料可有效提高蓖麻油基塑料的储存模量、玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度.这些行为归于MACO树脂中的羧基和羰基官能团能与CaCO3发生氢键和配位键合作用,形成良好的界面结合.CaCO3也能增强CaCO3/MACO复合泡沫塑料,当泡沫塑料密度为0.24 g/cm3时,加入20wt%的 CaCO3,其压缩强度和模量比纯泡沫塑料的分别提高142.0%和211.5%.添加矿物填料可降低材料中石油基原料的用量,降低材料成本,增加复合材料与环境的相容性.
Abstract:
Using maleated castor oil (MACO) as main raw material, enviromental friendly CaCO3/MACO composites and their foam plastics were prepared with inorganic filler calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particle as reinforcement. Effects of addition of CaCO3 on mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical performance and thermal stability of MACO were analyzed. And the interfacial interaction between inorganic particles and matrix was analyzed. The results show that CaCO3 content and the interfacial bonding between CaCO3 and MACO matrix are the key factors influencing the strength of composites. With increasing of CaCO3 content, stiffness of CaCO3/MACO composites increases significantly. At 60% mass ratio of CaCO3 loading, tensile and bending strength attain the maximum values of 26.7 MPa and 46.2 MPa, respectively, which are comparable to some general commercial plastics. Dynamic mechanical analysis and thermal stability analysis show that the addition of CaCO3 improves storage modulus, glass transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature of maleated castor oil matrix plastics. These behaviors are attributed to the good interfacial adhesion between CaCO3 and the carboxyl, carbonyl of MACO resin by hydrogen bonding and coordination bonding. CaCO3 can also reinforce CaCO3/MACO composite foam plastics. When density of foam plastics is 0.24 g/cm3, by adding 20wt% of CaCO3, compared with pure foam plastics, the compressive strength and modulus of the composite foam plastics are increased by 142.0% and 211.5%, respectively. The addition of inorganic filler into castor oil derived polymer can reduce the usage of petroleum based components and the cost of material, while increase compatibility of CaCO3/MACO composites with environment.
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