Preparation of a novel ZHS MF composite flame retardant and its application in flexible poly (vinyl chloride)
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摘要: 采用化学沉淀法合成了纳米羟基锡酸锌(ZHS), 然后以纳米ZHS为无机核, 以三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂(MF)为有机壳层, 构筑了一种新型的ZHS-MF复合阻燃剂, 并将其用作软质聚氯乙烯(PVC)的阻燃添加剂进行了阻燃性能研究。XRD、TEM、FTIR、TG测试结果表明, 所制备的产物为MF包覆ZHS的复合结构, ZHS质量分数约为35%。极限氧指数(LOI)测试结果表明, 随着阻燃剂ZHS-MF添加量的增加, PVC的LOI逐渐上升, 由纯PVC的23.8%上升到29.6%, 表明ZHS-MF对PVC具有很好的阻燃效果。在相同LOI条件下ZHS-MF中ZHS实际含量比实际需要的ZHS明显减少, 说明MF的包覆层与ZHS起到了协同阻燃作用。烟密度等级(SDR)测试结果表明, 在ZHS-MF添加量为15%时, 经MF包覆的ZHS对PVC的抑烟性能优于未包覆的ZHS, 说明MF的包覆层与ZHS起到了协同抑烟作用。Abstract: ZnSn(OH)6 (ZHS) nanocubes were synthesized using a chemical precipitation method. Then a novel composite flame retardant, ZHS-MF was prepared by means of coating melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) on the surface of the ZHS. Study on fire-retardant mechanism of ZHS-MF filled with flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). According to XRD, TEM, FTIR, TG results, MF resins have been successfully coated on ZHS surface. The mass fraction of ZHS is about 35%. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) results show that LOI of flexible PVC increases from 23.8% to 29.6% with the increasing of ZHS-MF, which indicates ZHS-MF is a highly effective flame retardant for flexible PVC. In the meantime, the MF shell could increase the flame retarding efficiency of ZHS-MF and decrease the dosage of nano-ZHS under the same LOI condition. The smoke density rating (SDR) results show that the SDR values of the samples treated with ZHS-MF are lower than that for those treated with ZHS alone when the addition of flame retardant ZHS-MF is 15%, which indicates the shell of MF and the core of ZHS have synergistic smoke suppression.
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