Abstract: Combined with micro-structure of composite materials with random distribution of particles and a statistical two-scale analysis method based on the homogenization theory, the effects of particle shape, volume fraction and spatial distribution parameters on the effective thermal conductivity parameters (ETCP) were analyzed based on BN reinforced high-density polyethylene (BN/HDPE) composites. The results show that ETCP increase with the volume fraction of particles increasing and also are severely affected by the location parameter of spherical particles and the orientation parameter of prolate ellipsoidal particles. It shows that characteristics of micro-structure have great influence on ETCP.