Abstract: In order to widen the width and number of elastic bandgap of concrete metamaterials, a novel two-dimensional three-component cement-based phononic-like crystal was designed based on local resonance theory. Firstly, the finite element method was used to calculate and study the energy band structure, vibration mode, displacement field and attenuation characteristics of the novel two-dimensional three-component cement-based phononic-like crystal. Secondly, the formation mechanism and influencing factors of the bandgap were analyzed, and the theoretical estimation of the bandgap range was derived according to the mass-spring system model. Finally, the cement-based phononic-like crystal was applied to the subway track bed, and the vibration reduction performance of the cement-based phononic-like crystal subway track bed was analyzed. The results show that the novel two-dimensional three-component cement-based phononic-like crystal opens 5 low-frequency bandgaps in the 200 Hz frequency range, and the attenuation values are mostly above 10 dB within the bandgap frequency range, and the attenuation effect is good. The opening of the bandgap corresponds to the vibration characteristics of each primitive cell, which is triggered by the translational vibration of a specific primitive cell and controlled by the strength of the coupling between the specific primitive cell and the matrix. The density of scatterer material, elastic modulus and thickness of cladding material are the main factors affecting the bandgap. In the 1-200 Hz frequency band, the vibration acceleration of the cement-based phononic-like crystal subway track bed composed of the novel two-dimensional three-component cement-based phononic-like crystal is lower than that of the ordinary concrete subway track bed, and the maximum insertion loss is 10.22 dB and the average insertion loss is 8.76 dB, which has remarkable vibration reduction performance.