PVDF/PPy柔性直流纳米发电机的制备与性能

Preparation and performance of PVDF/PPy flexible DC nano-generator

  • 摘要: 针对传统纳米发电机为交流输出,仍需采用外部整流器进行直流转化而导致的难以高度集成、柔性化和较低的功率密度问题,本文将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)静电纺膜作为基底,在其表面气相聚合聚吡咯(PPy),制得PVDF/PPy复合纳米纤维膜,并依据肖特基整流原理,以该复合纳米纤维膜构建直流纳米发电机。研究了不同聚合时间下氧化剂浓度对PVDF/PPy复合纳米纤维膜形貌和直流纳米发电机机电性能的影响。结果表明:当氧化剂浓度为2.0 mol/L,聚合时间为90 min时,电输出性能最优,对应峰值电压输出为1.23 V,峰值电流输出为210.55 μA,理论功率密度达到28.77 μW/cm2。本项研究展示的PVDF/PPy直流纳米发电机,其能源转换机制源于压电高分子的压电效应和肖特基结的整流效应。该类直流纳米发电机具备柔韧、集成式和自整流的特征,可灵活用于各种场所,直接为电子设备提供电能。

     

    Abstract: To address the difficulty of high integration, flexibility and low power density caused by the traditional nanogenerators with alternating current (AC) output and still need to use external rectifiers for direct current (DC) conversion, in this paper, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) electrostatically spun film was used as a substrate and polypyrrole (PPy) was gas-phase polymerized on the surface of the film to produce a composite nanofibrous film of PVDF/PPy, and based on the Schottky collation principle, a DC nanogenerator was constructed by this composite nanofibrous film. The composite nanofiber membrane was used to construct a DC nano-generator based on Schottky finishing principle. The effects of oxidant concentration on the morphology of PVDF/PPy composite nanofiber membrane and the electromechanical performance of DC nano-generator were investigated under different polymerization time. The results show that when the oxidant concentration is 2 mol/L and the polymerization time is 90 min, the electrical output performance is optimal, corresponding to a peak voltage output of 1.23 V, a peak current output of 210.55 μA, and a theoretical power density of 28.77 μW/cm2. In this study, this PVDF/PPy DC nano-generator was demonstrated, and the energy conversion mechanism originates from the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric polymer and the rectification effect of Schottky junction. These DC nano-generators are flexible, integrated and self-rectifying, and can be flexibly used in various places to provide power directly to electronic devices.

     

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