Sound absorption performance of concave hexagonal honeycomb sandwich panelswith negative Poisson's ratio
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摘要: 为了改善传统蜂窝夹层板结构的吸声特性，提出了一种负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构，该结构上面板为微穿孔板，夹芯层为负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝，其由19个具有内延伸管的单元腔体谐振器构成。采用COMSOL仿真软件对负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构在500~950 Hz频率范围内进行吸声系数的计算，并运用B&K驻波管测量系统对仿真结果的有效性进行了验证。在保持负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝胞元结构不变的前提下，研究了胞元参数对蜂窝夹层板结构吸声系数的影响，研究结果表明：当胞元倾角增大、内延伸管孔隙率减小、腔体壁厚减小时，结构的吸声性能增强；此外，腔体深度的增加和内延伸管管长的增加都会导致共振频率向更低频方向移动，其中腔体深度的改变更明显。在500~950 Hz频率范围内，该结构比传统蜂窝夹层板结构的平均吸声系数提升了5.64%，表明负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构在低频范围内具有更优的吸声性能。Abstract: In order to improve the sound absorption characteristics of the traditional honeycomb sandwich panel structure, a negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal honeycomb sandwich panel structure was proposed, the upper panel of the structure was a micro-perforated plate, and the sandwich layer was a negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal honeycomb, which was composed of 19 units cavity resonators with internal extension tubes. The sound absorption coefficient of the concave hexagonal honeycomb sandwich plate structure in the frequency range of 500-950 Hz was calculated by COMSOL simulation software, and the validity of the simulation results was verified by the B&K standing wave tube measurement system. Under the premise of keeping the structure of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal honeycomb cell unchanged, the influence of cell parameters on the sound absorption coefficient of honeycomb sandwich plate structure was studied. The results show that when the cell inclination angle increases, the porosity of the inner extension tube decreases, and the wall thickness of the cavity decreases, the sound absorption performance of the structure is enhanced. In addition, the increase of cavity depth and the increase of inner extension tube length will lead to the resonance frequency moving to lower frequencies, and the change of cavity depth is more obvious. In the frequency range of 500-950 Hz, the average sound absorption coefficient of the structure is increased by 5.64% compared with the traditional honeycomb sandwich panel structure, indicating that the negative Poisson's ratio has better sound absorption performance in the low frequency range than the traditional honeycomb sandwich panel structure.
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图 1 胞元的结构及空间排布方式
Figure 1. Structure of cells and spatial arrangement
CRIET—Cavity resonator with internal extension tube
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图 2 多个吸声构件组成的圆柱形负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝结构图
Figure 2. Cylindrical negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal honeycomb structure composed of multiple sound-absorbing components
da—Diameter of the inner extension tube; ttop—Thickness of the upper panel; la—Length of the inner extension tube; t—Wall thickness of the cavity; a—Distance from the central axis of the inner extension tube to the upper panel; L—Cavity depth; tbot—Thickness of the lower panel
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图 3 B&K驻波管测量设备(a)及试件照片(b)
Figure 3. B&K standing wave tube measurement equipment (a) and photograph of the specimen (b)
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图 6 负泊松比内凹六边形结构实验和仿真的频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 6. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves for experiments and simulations of concave hexagonal structures with negative Poisson's ratio
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图 7 负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝结构和传统六边形蜂窝结构的频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 7. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal honeycomb structure and traditional hexagonal honeycomb structure
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图 8 不同内凹倾角θ的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 8. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different concave inclination angles θ
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图 9 不同内凹倾角的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-阻抗曲线
Figure 9. Frequency-impedance curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different concave inclination angles
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图 10 不同孔隙率P的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 10. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different porosities P
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图 11 不同内延伸管管长la的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 11. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different inner extensiontube lengths la
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图 12 两种不同内延伸管管径的负泊松比内凹六边形结构蜂窝胞元结构内的能量耗散密度云图(从左到右管的直径分别为4.7 mm和4.6 mm)
Figure 12. Energy dissipation density cloud in two different inner extension pipe diameter honeycomb cell cell structures in negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structure ( Tubes diameters from left to right are 4.7 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively)
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图 13 不同腔体壁厚t的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 13. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different cavity wall thicknesses t
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图 14 不同腔体深度L的负泊松比内凹六边形结构频率-吸声系数曲线
Figure 14. Frequency-absorption coefficient curves of negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structures with different cavity depths L
表 1 胞元的参数
Table 1 Parameters of cells
Cavity depth
L/mmCenter axis to upper
panel distance a/mmConcave inclination
θ/(°)Cavity wall thickness
t/mmUpper panel thickness
ttop/mmLower panel thickness
tbot/mm30 11 70 0.5 2 2 
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表 2 10个不同尺寸内延伸管的直径da
Table 2 Diameter da of 10 different sizes of inner extension pipes
Unit da/mm 1 4.6 2 4.9 3 5.6 4 5.2 5 6.0 6 6.0 7 4.7 8 5.6 9 4.5 10 4.7
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表 3 内延伸管的管长la
Table 3 Pipe length la of the inner extension pipe
Unit la/mm 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 11.5 6 8.9 7 1.4 8 5.3 9 0
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表 4 负泊松比内凹六边形结构试件各胞元内延伸管管长la
Table 4 Length of intracellular extension tube la in negative Poisson's ratio concave hexagonal structure specimen
Unit 1,2,4,5,10 6 7 8 9 la-1/mm 11.5 8.9 1.4 5.3 0 la-2/mm 12.5 9.9 2.4 6.3 1 la-3/mm 13.5 10.9 3.4 7.3 2 la-4/mm 5.42 5.42 5.42 5.42 5.42
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蜂窝夹层板结构作为一种简单高效的隔/吸声结构，因其轻质性、高的比强度和比刚度，常被应用到各类载运设备的蒙皮结构中，以此来提升载运设备的隔/吸声性能。为了使得蜂窝夹层板结构在500~950Hz频率范围内有更好的吸声性能，提出了一种优化后的负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构，该结构上面板为微穿孔板，夹芯层为负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝，其由19个具有内延伸管的单元腔体谐振器构成。
采用COMSOL仿真软件对负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构在目标频率范围内进行吸声系数的计算，并运用B&K驻波管测量系统对仿真结果的有效性进行了验证。在保持负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝胞元结构不变的前提下，设计了不同尺寸的管径和管长来研究蜂窝夹层板在500~950Hz频率范围内的吸声性能，同时，采用COMSOL仿真软件研究了胞元参数对蜂窝夹层板结构吸声系数的影响，研究结果表明：当胞元倾角增大、内延伸管孔隙率减小、腔体壁厚减小时，结构的吸声性能增强。腔体深度的增加和内延伸管管长的增加都会导致共振频率向更低频方向移动，其中腔体深度的改变更为明显。在500~950Hz频率范围内，该结构比传统蜂窝夹层板结构的平均吸声系数提升了5.64%，泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝夹层板结构在低频范围内有着优秀吸声性能。
(a)胞元的结构以及空间排布方式;(b)负泊松比内凹六边形蜂窝结构和传统六边形蜂窝结构的频率-吸声系数曲线
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