Abstract: The light and high strength bamboo scrimber was buried in the core of concrete-filled steel tube column (CFST) to form bamboo scrimber and concrete-filled steel tube column (BCFST), which was expected to give full play to the compressive strength of the bamboo scrimber and delay its crushing and splitting. In order to study the axial compression performance of BCFSTs, on the basis of three groups of axial compression tests, the corresponding model was established by using ABAQUS finite element software and the nonlinear finite element analysis wascarried out. The reliability and applicability of the finite element model were verified by comparing the failure forms and load-displacement curves of the specimens. Based on the verified finite element model, the two key design variables of bamboo scrimber dimension and diameter to thickness ratio of steel tube were parameterized. The analysis results show that: For CFSTs with the same wall thickness, increasing the dimension of bamboo scrimber can inhibit the decline of load-displacement curve after peak point. Compared with CFSTs, the peak load of BCFSTs is increased by more than 8%, and the maximum increase is 16%. The ultimate load of the specimens show a clear growth trend, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens with built-in bamboo scrimber could reach 33.2% compared with that of the CFSTs. With the increase of wall thickness of steel tube, the circumferential constraint of bamboo scrimber and concrete is strengthened, and the core section strength is improved. When the wall thickness of steel tube changes from 4.5 mm to 6.0 mm, the ultimate load of the specimen is increased by 18.2%.