Abstract: To develop high-performance shielding materials is currently emergency and important to erase the electromagnetic radiation concern. MXene is considered to have potential applications in electromagnetic shielding due to its unique layered structure, abundant surface groups, excellent mechanical properties and outstanding electrical conductivity. In order to obtain lightweight, efficient and stable electromagnetic shielding materials, various modification methods have been used to improve the electromagnetic shielding efficacy of MXene materials, such as constructing various morphologies such as three-dimensional porous, multilayer and intercalated layers by quantitatively controlling the MXene layered structure, modulating the termination groups on the surface of MXene by means of oxidization, doping, heat treatment, and grafting, as well as hybridizing and assembling MXene with other materials to obtain other properties, etc. In this paper, the research progress on the modification of MXene materials at home and abroad in recent years is summarized from the aspects of structural design, surface modification, and composite hybridization, and compares their improvement in electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.