Abstract: Compared to traditional liquid-state lithium batteries, solid-state lithium batteries have distinct advantages such as high safety and high specific energy, and have attracted widespread attention in both academia and industry. Exploring organic-inorganic composite solid electrolytes that combine excellent mechanical properties, high ion conductivity, and large electrochemical windows is a feasible solution to developing high-performance solid-state lithium batteries. In recent years, composite solid-state electrolytes based on polymer electrolytes and inorganic materials have become a hot topic. In this tutorial review, we focus on recent advances in various classes of organic-inorganic composite electrolytes and summarize the state-of-the-art strategies for improving the performance (Especially the ionic conductivity) of solid-state electrolytes. This is followed by detailed discussions on the implementation of composite solid-electrolytes in various energy storage systems, including solid-state lithium-metal batteries, solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries and solid-state lithium-air batteries, and the current challenges and future opportunities of organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries are also provided.