Abstract: Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a novel graphene preparation technique, which is a process for the rapid transformation of three-dimensional network-structured graphene by irradiating carbon-containing substrates with high-energy beams. Compared with the conventional graphene preparation process, LIG has attracted broad research interest because of its rapid preparation, designable patterning, environmental friendliness, controlled microscopic morphology, and controlled composition. This review summarizes the synthesis process of LIG, including the composition of precursors, the selection of light sources, and the structural modulation of LIG. It also explores the in-situ and non-in-situ modification methods of LIG in recent years, describes the applications of LIG in the field of flexible electrodes and sensors, and provides an outlook on the development of LIG in the direction of integrated energy, sensing, and detection devices.