Abstract: Due to the large volume variation of silicon and the poor conductivity, it is difficult to commercialize this anode material with a capacity of up to 4200 mA·h·g⁻¹. The silicon/carbon anode of the yolk-shell structure is currently a hot spot in the research of silicon/carbon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, which can well alleviate a series of problems caused by volume expansion of silicon anode during the charging and discharging process, so as to obtain superior lithium storage performance. In this paper, the carbon source, structure type and preparation process of the silicon/carbon anode of the yolk-shell structure are classified and summarized, and some important structural parameters are elaborated, and the development direction of the silicon/carbon anode of the yolk-shell structure is prospected in the future.