Abstract: Ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix (UHTC) composites play a key role for the application of thermal structures of high-speed launch vehicle due to their lightweight, high melting point, high specific strength/stiffness and excellent anti-oxidation/ablation resistance. It is known that UHTC composites consist of carbon fiber reinforcement and ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix, where reinforcement and ceramic matrix possess different physical and chemical properties. To make better performance of UHTC composites, it is quite necessary to think about how to incorporate carbon fiber with ceramic matrix effectively, where the advantages for both fiber and matrix should be taken into accounts. In order to provide a guidance for the fundamental research and engineering application of UHTC composites, in this paper, the synthesis of precursors and the performance of C/ZrC-SiC and C/HfTaC-ZrC-SiC composites are reviewed. And then the technical route for the fabrication of UHTC composites via organic-inorganic transformation is proposed. It is expected to overcome the main issues which encountered in the development of composite design and fabrication.