Abstract: The current study is an experimental and numerical investigation of the buckling of steel-carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) hybrid cylinders. Two groups of steel-CFRP hybrid and steel-only cylinders were manufactured. Geometric measurements and hydrostatic experiments were performed to determine the geometric and buckling properties of the cylinders. Linear eigenvalue and nonlinear analyses were performed to examine the buckling properties of the samples. The finite element model of each sample was established in accordance with the sample’s real geometric shape. The experimental and numerical data agree favorably. Furthermore, the effect of wrapped angle and layers in the hybrid cylinders on the cylinders’ critical buckling load was investigated. The results indicate that the experimental results obtained for the four cylinders are repeatable. The maximum difference between the experimental collapse loads is 8.29% and 6.77% for the hybrid and steel-only cylinders, respectively. The stiffness provided by CFRP approximately is 1.7 times the loading capacity of the steel-only cylinders. The damage of steel layer of hybrid cylinders is smaller than steel-only cylinders. As the wrapped layers increase, the wrapped angle of CFRP layers of hybrid decreases. The optimal range of wrapped angle is 65°-85°. Wrapped layers have less effect on critical buckling load of hybrid cylinders with the wrapped angle of 65°-85°. The maximum and minimum difference errors are 7.56% and 0.57%, respectively.