Abstract: In order to enrich and recover rare earth resources in low-concentration mine tail water, a fibrous shell magnetic titanium dioxide composite Fe₃O₄@fTiO₂ was prepared by using sol-gel method and hydrothermal methods. The material was analyzed by SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR and XRD. The adsorption behavior of Fe₃O₄@fTiO₂ for rare earth La³⁺ was investigated. The results show that Fe₃O₄@fTiO₂ is a core-shell magnetic composite with a fibrous shell. The adsorbent has good superparamagnetic properties, and the saturation magnetization is as high as 30.81 emu·g⁻¹. At pH=5 and 15℃, Fe₃O₄@fTiO₂ reaches the adsorption equilibrium for rare earth La³⁺ within 15 min, and conformes to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm adsorption model can describe the adsorption process of La³⁺ well, with the theoretical adsorption capacity of 142.88 mg·g⁻¹. With NaOH solution as the regeneration reagent, the adsorption capacity of Fe₃O₄@fTiO₂ is 110 mg·g⁻¹ after cyclic adsorption/desorption for 5 times, which is 73.8% of the initial value, showing the good cyclic utilization.