熔融沉积成形锰锌铁氧体/聚乳酸复合材料的力学和吸波性能

叶喜葱; 高琦; 何恩义; 杨超; 欧阳宾; 杨鹏; 吴海华

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220727.002

熔融沉积成形锰锌铁氧体/聚乳酸复合材料的力学和吸波性能

叶喜葱^{1, 2},
高琦²,
何恩义^{1, 2, ,},
杨超²,
欧阳宾²,
杨鹏²,
吴海华^{1, 2}

1.
三峡大学　石墨增材制造技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心，宜昌 443002
2.
三峡大学　机械与动力学院，宜昌 443002

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51575313)；三峡大学石墨增材制造技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心(HRCGAM202101)

详细信息

通讯作者:
何恩义，博士，讲师，硕士生导师，研究方向为吸波材料与器件　E-mail：heenyi@ctgu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB333
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-23
- 修回日期: 2022-06-23
- 录用日期: 2022-07-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-14

Mechanical and microwave absorbing properties of Mn-Zn ferrite/polylactic acid composites formed by fused deposition modeling

YE Xicong^{1, 2},
GAO Qi²,
HE Enyi^{1, 2, ,},
YANG Chao²,
OUYANG Bin²,
YANG Peng²,
WU Haihua^{1, 2}

1.
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Graphite Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
2.
College of Mechanical & Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51575313); Hubei Engineering Research Center of Graphite Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment of China Three Gorges University (HRCGAM202101)

摘要

摘要: 3D打印技术在快速制造复杂形状零件方面获得了越来越多的关注。将锰锌铁氧体(MZF)作为增强体填充到聚乳酸(PLA)中，通过球磨混合和熔融挤出法制备出MZF/PLA复合线材，利用熔融沉积成形(FDM)制备出MZF/PLA复合材料。采用XRD、 SEM和矢量网络分析仪对不同复合比例的MZF/PLA复合材料的微观形貌、力学性能和电磁性能进行表征，并计算不同厚度的反射损耗，研究MZF的含量对复合材料吸波性能的影响。结果表明：当MZF含量为10wt%时，MZF/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度相比纯PLA提升了17.6%，随着MZF含量的提升，复合材料的吸波性能随之增强。当MZF的含量达到50wt%，在12.7 GHz处，厚度为7.4 mm时反射率达到最小值−55.3 dB，在厚度为7.9 mm时，有效吸波频带宽为4.5 GHz。因此，基于FDM制备的3D打印MZF/PLA复合材料具有良好的吸波性能和承载能力，是一种非常有前途的3D打印微波吸收材料。
- 复合材料 /
- 锰锌铁氧体 /
- 吸波性能 /
- 力学性能 /
- 熔融沉积成形(FDM)
Abstract: 3D printing technology has received more and more attention in the rapid manufacturing of complex shape parts. Mn-Zn ferrite (MZF) was filled into polylactic acid (PLA) as reinforcement, the MZF/PLA composite wire was prepared by ball milling mixing and melt extrusion, and the MZF/PLA composites was prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM). The micro morphology, mechanical properties and electromagnetic properties of MZF/PLA composites with different composite ratios were characterized by XRD, SEM and vector network analyzer, and the reflection loss of different thickness was calculated to study the effect of MZF content on the microwave absorption properties of the composites. The results show that when the MZF content is 10wt%, the tensile strength of MZF/PLA composite is 17.6% higher than that of pure PLA. With the increase of MZF content, the microwave absorption performance of the composite enhanced. When the content of MZF reaches 50wt% at 12.7 GHz, when the thickness is 7.4 mm, the reflectivity reaches the minimum value of −55.3 dB, and when the thickness is 7.9 mm, the effective microwave absorption band width is 4.5 GHz. Therefore, the 3D printed MZF/PLA composite prepared based on FDM has good microwave absorbing properties and bearing capacity, and it is a very promising microwave absorbing material for 3D printing.
- composites /
- Mn-Zn ferrite /
- microwave absorption performance /
- mechanical properties /
- fused deposition molding (FDM)

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图 1 锰锌铁氧体(MZF)粉末的形貌

Figure 1. Morphology of Mn-Zn ferrite (MZF) powders

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图 2 MZF粉末的粒径分布(a)和磁滞回线(b)

D_v(50)—Particle size at 50% volume fraction; M_s—Saturation magnetization; H_c—Coercivity; M_r—Residual magnetization

Figure 2. Particle size distribution (a) and hysteresis loop (b) of MZF powders

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图 3 MZF/PLA复合粉末的DSC曲线

Figure 3. DSC thermograms of MZF/PLA composite powders

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图 4 (a) MZF/PLA 复合线材；(b)同轴环；(c)拉伸试样

Figure 4. (a) MZF/PLA composite filaments; (b) Coaxial rings; (c) Tensile specimen

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图 5 不同MZF含量的MZF/PLA复合材料的XRD图谱

Figure 5. XRD patterns of MZF/PLA composite materials with different MZF contents

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图 6 MZF/PLA复合材料的TG曲线

Figure 6. TG curves of MZF/PLA composites

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图 7 MZF/PLA复合材料的应力-应变曲线

Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of MZF/PLA composites

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图 8 不同MZF含量的MZF/PLA复合材料的SEM图像

Figure 8. SEM images of MZF/PLA composites with different MZF contents

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图 9 不同MZF含量同轴环的电磁参数：在2~18 GHz频率范围内复介电常数的实部(a)和虚部(b)；复磁导率的实部(c)和虚部(d)；介电损耗角正切(e)和磁损耗角正切(f)

Figure 9. Electromagnetic parameters of coaxial rings with different MZF contents: Real (a) and imaginary (b) part of the complex permittivity; Real (c) and imaginary (d) part of the complex permeability; Tangent dielectric loss (e) and tangent magnetic loss (f) in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz

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图 10 MZF/PLA复合材料的涡流值C₀

Figure 10. Eddy current data C₀ of MZF/PLA composites

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11 10%MZF/PLA (a)、20%MZF/PLA (b)、30%MZF/PLA (c)、40%MZF/PLA (d)和50%MZF/PLA (e)的反射损耗三维图和吸波曲线

${R_{{{\rm{L}}_{{\rm{min}}}}}}$ —Minimum reflection loss; EAB—Effective absorption bandwidth

11. 3D maps of reflection loss and microwave absorption curves of 10%MZF/PLA (a), 20%MZF/PLA (b), 30%MZF/PLA (c), 40%MZF/PLA (d) and 50%MZF/PLA (e)

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图 12 (a) MZF/PLA复合材料的衰减系数；(b) 复合材料厚度为7.4 mm时的阻抗匹配特性

d—Thickness

Figure 12. (a) Attenuation constants of MZF/PLA composites; (b) Impedance matching characteristics for the composites with the thickness of 7.4 mm

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图 13 微波吸收机制示意图

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of microwave absorption mechanism

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表 1 MZF/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料的组分

Table 1 Component of MZF/polylactic acid (PLA) composites

Sample number	Mass fraction/wt%
Sample number	PLA	MZF
Pure PLA	100	0
10%MZF/PLA	90	10
20%MZF/PLA	80	20
30%MZF/PLA	70	30
40%MZF/PLA	60	40
50%MZF/PLA	50	50

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表 2 MZF/PLA复合粉末DSC曲线对应的数据

Table 2 DSC data of MZF/PLA composite powders

Sample number	T_m/℃	T_c/℃	T_g/℃
Pure PLA	114.07	97.71	80.81
10%MZF/PLA	110.85	97.71	81.17
20%MZF/PLA	112.17	97.98	81.89
30%MZF/PLA	110.86	97.88	81.62
40%MZF/PLA	111.12	97.71	81.35
50%MZF/PLA	111.11	98.52	81.89
Notes: T_m—Melting temperature; T_c—Crystallization temperature; T_g—Glass transition temperature.

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表 3 不同MZF含量的MZF/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂延伸率

Table 3 Tensile strength and elongation at break of MZF/PLA composites with different MZF contents

Sample number	Tensile strength/MPa	Elongation at break/%
Pure PLA	34.40	26.12
10%MZF/PLA	40.40	21.76
20%MZF/PLA	35.60	20.56
30%MZF/PLA	25.42	15.28
40%MZF/PLA	16.07	8.93
50%MZF/PLA	14.22	6.68

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