Abstract: The heat damage of steam-curing concrete was restrained by adding rubber particles into steam-curing concrete to prepare steam-curing rubber concrete. The compressive strength of steam-curing rubber concrete was tested through experiments. A random aggregate model of rubber concrete considering interface transition zone was established based on ABAQUS simulation. The influence of rubber particles on the temperature damage stress of concrete in the cooling stage was studied. The influence of rubber particles on the temperature damage stress of concrete at the cooling stage was studied. The development of microcracks in steam-curing concrete inhibited by rubber particles was studied from a microscopical point of view, and taking the temperature damage stress as the initial defect, the compressive property of rubber concrete was studied, and the reliability of the simulation results was verified. The effect of rubber particles on the pore structure of steam-curing concrete was studied by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) test. The bond between rubber and cement was studied by an ultra-depth-of-field microscope. The results show that the addition of rubber particles can restrain heat damage and reduce the strength loss of steam-curing concrete. Rubber particles can effectively reduce the total porosity of steam-curing concrete specimens, and the harmful pore size of steam-curing rubber concrete decreases by 3.1% compared with that ordi-nary steam-curing concrete without adding rubber particles. Meanwhile, the bond between rubber and cement matrix is improved.