Abstract: It is of great guiding significance to study the salt-frost degradation and reveal the degradation mechanism of aeolian sand concrete for its popularization and application. The salt-frost degradation rule of aeolian sand concrete was studied based on the fast indoor test and mechanical properties test, and its degradation mechanism was revealed from multi-scale combining with the SEM, XRD, NMR and damage mechanics theory. The results show that aeolian sand affects the frost resistance of concrete, and the optimal frost resistance is achieved with 100% aeolian sand replacement despite its low strength. The loss rates of mass and compressive strength increase with the increase number of salt-frost cycling, while the relative dynamic elastic modulus decreases with the increase number of salt-frost cycling. The salt-frost damage of aeolian sand concrete is dominated by physical-chemical effects, and the bone-slurry debonding in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and the cracking of the nearby mortar matrix are the main reasons for the degradation of its macroscopic physical and mechanical properties. Aeolian sand can change the pore structure of concrete and the moisture transmission path in it, thereby affects the pore saturation and the salt-frost resistance of concrete.