Abstract: In order to improve the comprehensive electrochemical performance of the CoFe₂O₄ electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the CoFe₂O₄ is integrated with highly conductive carbon materials. Flexible carbon nanofibers uniformly embedded with CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄@CNFs) composite films were synthesized by an electrospinning and subsequent low-temperature carbonization process, and were characterized by XRD, TG, Raman, SEM, TEM, CV, GCD and EIS. The influence of CoFe₂O₄ content on the lithium storage performances of CoFe₂O₄@CNFs composites was investigated in detail. It is found that the as-prepared composite films directly used as self-standing anodes in lithium ion batteries exhibit good electrochemical properties. The incorporation of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles into CNFs can significantly improve their electrochemical performances, and the specific capacities first increase and then decrease with increasing CoFe₂O₄ content in CoFe₂O₄@CNFs, in which the CoFe₂O₄@CNFs-3 electrode with about 33.3% (w/w) CoFe₂O₄ presents an optimal specific capacity as well as better cycle stability and rate capability. The CoFe₂O₄@CNFs-3 electrode delivers a high reversible specific capacity of 611.4 mA·h·g⁻¹ after 100 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 0.1 A·g⁻¹, corresponding to a capacity retention of 94% relative to the capacity of the second cycle. Moreover, even at a high current density of 2 A·g⁻¹, the specific capacity still remains at 353.6 mA·h·g⁻¹. The superior performance for CoFe₂O₄@CNFs-3 is mainly attributed to the proper combination and highly synergistic effect of electrochemically active CoFe₂O₄ and high conductive CNFs matrix.