Mechanical performance of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete subjected to quasi-static tensile and compressive tests
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摘要: 为研究玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土的力学性能,共设计了52组试件,讨论了玄武岩纤维体积掺量和纤维长度对各密度试件的拉伸和压缩性能的影响。结果表明:玄武岩纤维可显著提高试件的抗拉峰值应力(最大提升达到737%)和峰值应变(最大提升达到833%),可有效改善中高密度试件的受拉失效模式,使其出现伪应变硬化现象,提升了试件的抗拉承载能力和变形能力。试件抗拉峰值应力和峰值应变随纤维体积掺量增大而增大,随纤维长度增长先增大后降低;另一方面,玄武岩纤维能改变试件的受压破坏模式,使其从纵向劈裂破坏转变为斜向剪切破坏和横向压溃破坏,显著提高了中低密度试件的抗压承载力和吸能能力(最大提升达到328%)。试件的吸能能力随纤维体积掺量增大而增强,随纤维长度增长先提升后降低。
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关键词:
- 玄武岩纤维泡沫混凝土 /
- 单轴拉伸 /
- 应变硬化 /
- 准静态压缩 /
- 能量吸收
Abstract: To investigate the mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete, the quasi-static tensile and compressive tests were carried out on the prepared 52 groups of specimens, and the effects of basalt fiber volume fraction and fiber length on the tensile and compressive properties of specimens with different densities were experimentally studied. The test results show that the basalt fiber could significantly improve the tensile peak stress (maximum improvement of 737%) and peak strain (maximum improvement of 833%) of specimens. Due to the appearance of pseudo strain hardening phenomenon, the basalt fiber could effectively improve the tensile failure mode of the medium and high density specimens, so as to improve the tensile bearing capacity and deformation ability of specimens. It is found that tensile peak stress and peak strain increase with increasing the fiber volume fraction, and increase first and then decrease with increasing the fiber length. Furthermore, basalt fiber could change the compression failure mode of specimens with the observed trend from longitudinal splitting failure to oblique shear failure and transverse crushing failure, resulting in significant improvement of the compressive bearing capacity and energy absorption ability of low and medium density specimens. In addition, it is observed that increasing the fiber volume content will lead to an increase in the energy absorption (maximum improvement of 328%) of the specimen, which increases first and then decreases with increasing the fiber length. -
表 1 水泥基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of cement
Cement Specific surface area/(m2·kg−1) Setting time/min Flexural strength/MPa Compressive strength/MPa Initial Final 3 days 28 days 3 days 28 days P.O 42.5 340 70 270 6 8.5 35 48 表 2 BF的主要性能指标
Table 2. Main properties of BF
Diameter/μm Tensile strength/MPa Elastic modulus/GPa Elongation/% Density/(kg·m-3) 13 4150-4750 95-115 3.1 2650 表 3 玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土(BF/FC)配合比
Table 3. Mix proportion of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete (BF/FC)
Target density of foam concrete/(kg·m−3) Cement/
(kg·m−3)Water/
(kg·m−3)Foam/
(kg·m−3)Length of
fiber/mmFiber volume
fraction/vol%Mass of fiber/
(kg·m−3)400 230.98 115.49 56.56 0/6/12/15 0/0.15/0.3/0.45 0/3.98/7.96/11.94 700 439.22 219.61 44.38 0/6/12/15 0/0.15/0.3/0.45 0/3.98/7.96/11.94 1000 647.45 323.73 32.27 0/6/12/15 0/0.15/0.3/0.45 0/3.98/7.96/11.94 1300 855.67 427.84 20.09 0/6/12/15 0/0.15/0.3/0.45 0/3.98/7.96/11.94 表 4 BF/FC试件汇总
Table 4. Summary of BF/FC specimens
Tensile specimen Compressive specimen FC-424 FC-439 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-414 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-438 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-426 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-440 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-405 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-428 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-411 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-444 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-432 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-440 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-419 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-423 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-416 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-439 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-405 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-429 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-424 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-442 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-435 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-419 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-419 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-415 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-407 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-404 FC-713 FC-710 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-721 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-736 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-726 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-713 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-714 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-730 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-708 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-740 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-719 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-702 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-732 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-720 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-726 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-725 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-732 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-704 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-734 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-711 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-711 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-725 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-703 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-696 FC-1032 FC-1025 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1024 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1026 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1017 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1044 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1009 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1016 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1003 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1011 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1013 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1003 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1026 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-992 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1011 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-997 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1007 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-997 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1023 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1016 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1034 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1001 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1010 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1000 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1032 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1041 FC-1305 FC-1322 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1317 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1331 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1333 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1332 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1319 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1308 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1326 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1320 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1322 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1326 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1307 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1293 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1311 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1307 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1304 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1308 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1337 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1306 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1328 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1302 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1321 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1310 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1317 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1296 Note: Three number in the materials name indicate the volume fraction of the fiber, the length of the fiber, and the density of the specimen, respectively. 表 5 BF/FC单轴拉伸试件的特征点
Table 5. Characteristics of BF/FC specimen subjected to uniaxial tension
Specimen index Peak stress/MPa Improvement rate/% Peak strain Improvement rate/% FM FC-424 0.019 - 0.012 - Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-414 0.033 74 0.049 308 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-426 0.033 74 0.037 208 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-405 0.036 90 0.048 300 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-411 0.065 242 0.039 225 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-432 0.077 305 0.047 292 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-419 0.104 447 0.059 392 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-416 0.087 358 0.050 317 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-405 0.130 584 0.080 567 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-424 0.159 737 0.112 833 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-435 0.098 416 0.046 283 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-419 0.121 537 0.059 392 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-407 0.099 421 0.047 292 Ⅰ FC-713 0.058 - 0.032 - Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-721 0.079 37 0.035 10 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-726 0.122 110 0.054 69 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-714 0.146 152 0.070 119 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-708 0.134 131 0.067 109 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-719 0.196 238 0.098 206 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-732 0.224 286 0.101 216 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-726 0.151 160 0.072 125 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-732 0.196 238 0.092 188 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-734 0.308 431 0.175 447 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715 0.125 116 0.072 125 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-711 0.196 238 0.095 198 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-703 0.250 331 0.145 353 Ⅰ FC-1032 0.105 - 0.058 - Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1024 0.187 78 0.120 107 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1017 0.259 147 0.141 143 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1009 0.302 188 0.177 205 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1003 0.242 131 0.159 174 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1013 0.261 149 0.203 250 Ⅱ 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1026 0.308 193 0.275 374 Ⅱ 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1011 0.288 174 0.208 259 Ⅱ 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1007 0.325 210 0.200 245 Ⅱ 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1023 0.426 306 0.247 326 Ⅱ 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1034 0.165 57 0.082 41 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1010 0.281 168 0.144 148 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1032 0.346 137 0.184 217 Ⅱ FC-1305 0.183 - 0.088 - Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1317 0.224 22 0.115 31 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1333 0.234 28 0.103 17 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1319 0.326 78 0.158 80 Ⅰ 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1326 0.239 31 0.133 51 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1322 0.251 37 0.135 53 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1307 0.280 53 0.173 97 Ⅱ 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1311 0.216 18 0.112 27 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1304 0.297 62 0.167 90 Ⅰ 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1337 0.406 122 0.314 257 Ⅱ 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1328 0.208 14 0.121 38 Ⅰ 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1321 0.311 70 0.193 119 Ⅱ 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1317 0.373 104 0.221 151 Ⅱ Note: FM—Failure mode. 表 6 BF/FC准静态压缩能量吸收指标
Table 6. Energy absorption characteristics of BF/FC under quasi-static compression
Specimen index Peak and plateau stress/MPa ${\varepsilon _{\text{D}}}$ ${E_{\text{a}}}$/J and ${E_{{\text{SA}}}}$/(J·g-1) FC-439 0.525/0.411 0.47 190.0/0.433 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-438 0.995/0.696 0.42 309.5/0.707 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-440 1.259/0.636 0.43 311.2/0.707 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-428 1.589/1.050 0.51 532.9/1.245 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-444 1.246/0.724 0.52 407.1/0.917 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-440 1.229/0.881 0.52 448.7/1.020 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-423 1.772/1.250 0.43 576.2/1.362 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-439 1.254/0.923 0.52 468.0/1.066 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-429 1.755/1.427 0.57 789.4/1.840 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-442 1.910/1.570 0.56 813.1/1.840 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-419 1.390/0.784 0.53 441.2/1.053 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-415 1.696/1.399 0.51 692.0/1.668 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-404 1.443/0.846 0.59 490.2/1.213 FC-710 4.561/1.459 0.33 614.8/0.866 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-736 4.220/1.430 0.53 831.6/1.130 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-713 4.137/1.848 0.39 857.7/1.203 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-730 4.470/1.386 0.57 916.7/1.256 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-740 5.072/1.718 0.44 955.6/1.291 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-702 3.553/2.636 0.49 1258.0/1.792 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-720 5.070/3.249 0.44 1423.4/1.977 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-725 5.723/2.440 0.45 1118.3/1.542 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-704 4.063/2.994 0.52 1534.3/2.179 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-711 4.305/3.413 0.50 1566.7/2.204 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715 5.250/2.338 0.37 985.8/1.379 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-725 4.648/3.292 0.47 1516.5/2.092 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-696 5.064/2.719 0.49 1313.5/1.887 FC-1025 9.459/3.760 0.36 1587.9/1.549 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1026 11.707/3.758 0.46 2086.0/2.033 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1044 13.488/4.327 0.49 2365.9/2.266 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1016 12.417/5.047 0.48 2558.2/2.518 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1011 11.565/4.933 0.37 2096.2/2.073 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1003 12.319/5.536 0.47 2580.7/2.573 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-992 11.471/6.739 0.51 3193.3/3.219 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-997 8.913/5.017 0.52 2716.4/2.725 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-997 12.503/6.959 0.55 3374.7/3.385 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1016 14.011/8.529 0.50 3739.2/3.680 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1001 9.984/4.969 0.51 2536.6/2.534 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1000 11.940/5.390 0.53 2981.3/2.981 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1041 12.538/6.911 0.51 3430.7/3.296 FC-1322 23.601/4.547 0.38 2351.2/1.779 0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1331 24.556/5.920 0.37 2646.3/1.988 0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1332 23.282/5.990 0.43 3180.0/2.377 0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1308 20.178/8.669 0.49 4136.7/3.163 0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1320 23.643/6.124 0.37 2759.1/2.090 0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1326 24.580/6.502 0.50 3776.5/2.848 0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1293 25.920/9.083 0.47 4189.5/3.240 0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1307 21.120/7.136 0.44 3452.7/2.642 0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1308 20.126/10.708 0.50 5135.4/3.926 0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1306 22.800/12.194 0.56 6433.7/4.926 0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1302 24.311/5.397 0.39 2816.0/2.163 0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1310 23.903/11.051 0.52 5432.6/4.147 0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1296 20.191/9.794 0.52 4884.6/3.769 Notes: ${\varepsilon _{\text{D}}}$—Densification strain; ${E_{\text{a}}}$and ${E_{{\text{SA}}}}$—Energy absorption and specific energy absorption. -
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