Abstract: Civilian aircraft interior wall panel materials are mainly fibre/resin composites, which have a certain fire hazard, so the study of their thermal stability and combustion characteristics is of great significance for aircraft fire protection. A thermogravimetric analyzer was used to study the influence of different heating rates on the pyrolysis of two typical aircraft siding materials: Carbon fiber/epoxy resin and glass fiber/epoxy resin, and the apparent activation energy and pre-digital factor of the decomposition stage were obtained using the Kissinger method. The cone calorimeter was used to study the combustion characteristics of two prepregs in different fire environments, and four evaluation indicators of fire growth index ( \delta _\rmFGI ), fire potential index ( \delta _\rmFPI ), thermal heat release index ( \delta _\rmTHRI ) and thermal smoke produce index ( \delta _\rmTSPI ) were selected to evaluate the fire hazard; and then the two types of fibers were analyzed. Furthermore, the influence of the two kinds of fibers in the pyrolysis and combustion process of the resin composite was analyzed. The results show that in air atmosphere, the heating rate has a greater influence on the pyrolysis of the two prepregs. The carbon fiber decomposes above 556℃, and the glass fiber does not decompose. During pyrolysis, the activation energy of the first two stages of the glass fiber prepreg is significantly higher than that of the carbon fiber prepreg, indicating that the glass fibre prepreg has a higher thermal stability. The heat release rate, smoke production rate, total heat production, and total smoke production of carbon fiber prepregs are greater than those of glass fiber prepregs. As the heat radiation intensity increases, the differences between these parameters of the two prepregs are all keep getting bigger, the \delta _\rmFGI , \delta _\rmTHRI and \delta _\rmTSPI of carbon fiber prepreg are larger than glass fiber prepreg, while the \delta _\rmFPI value is the opposite. The analysis finds that both fibres inhibite the pyrolysis of the composite, but the glass fibre inhibites it more significantly and the carbon fibre/epoxy composite have a greater fire hazard.