Abstract: Metal-organic framework (MOF) is a new type of nanomaterials with high porosity, specific surface area and high designability, which has been widely used in many fields such as adsorption separation and solid phase extraction. Ionic liquid (IL) have good stability and functional design, which have great application prospects as new green solvents. Loading ILs into the pores of MOFs to develop new IL/MOF composites can give full play to the advantages of the two materials. In this review, we discussed all the construction strategies of IL/MOF composites so far, as well as the application and advantages of CO₂ capturing and separating in atmospheric environment and removing pollutants in water environment. We also summarized and prospected the application of IL/MOF compo-sites in environmental media in the future.