激光熔化沉积60wt%不同粒径WC复合NiCu合金耐磨性及电化学腐蚀性能

Wear resistance and electrochemical corrosion properties of 60wt% coarse and fine WC composite NiCu alloy by laser melting deposition

  • 摘要: 通过向镍铜(NiCu)合金中添加不同粒径的WC研究对涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨性和电化学腐蚀性能的影响规律,以期解决NiCu合金表面硬度较低、耐磨性较差的问题。采用激光熔化沉积技术在A3钢板表面制备了NiCu合金涂层、60wt%粗粒径WC/NiCu复合涂层和60wt%细粒径WC/NiCu复合涂层,采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光谱仪、光学显微镜表征其样品表面形貌,用显微硬度测试计和磨损试验机测定了熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性能,用电化学工作站分别对NiCu合金涂层和复合涂层的电化学腐蚀性能进行测试和分析。在合适的工艺参数下,三种涂层均与基体形成了良好的冶金结合,无明显的裂纹气孔等缺陷。熔覆层的组织以等轴晶和柱状晶为主,WC的加入使晶粒尺寸明显变小。在相同工艺参数下,加入60wt%粗粒径WC、60wt% 细粒径WC的涂层硬度分别提高了62.1%、81.1%,磨损量分别降低了84.8%、94.3%,磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主。在3.5wt%NaCl溶液中,复合涂层的自腐蚀电流密度与NiCu合金涂层相比分别降低了61%和49%。WC的加入显著提高了NiCu合金涂层的性能,细粒径WC对显微硬度、耐磨性提升效果更加明显,粗粒径WC对电化学腐蚀性能提升明显。

     

    Abstract: To solve the problems of low surface hardness and poor wear resistance of nickel copper (NiCu) alloy, the effects of WC with different particle sizes on the microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance and electrochemical corrosion resistance of the coating were studied. In this paper, the NiCu alloy coating, 60wt% coarse WC/NiCu composite coating and 60wt% fine WC/NiCu composite coating were prepared on A3 steel by laser melting deposition (LMD). The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray spectrometer and optical microscope. The microhardness and wear resistance of the coating were measured by microhardness tester and wear tester. The electrochemical corrosion resistance of NiCu alloy coating and composite coating were tested and analyzed by electrochemical workstation. The results show that the three coatings have formed a good metallurgical bond with the substrate, without obvious cracks and pores under the suitable parameters. The microstructures of cladding layer are mainly equiaxial and columnar, and the size of the grains is obviously reduced by the addition of WC. Compared with the NiCu coating, the microhardness of the coating with 60wt% coarse WC and fine WC increase by 62.1% and 81.1%, respectively, and the wear loss decrease by 84.8% and 94.3%, respectively. The wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear. In 3.5wt%NaCl solution, the self-corrosion current density of the composite coating is 61% and 49% lower than that of NiCu alloy coating, respectively. The addition of WC significantly improves the performance of the NiCu alloy coating. The fine WC has a more obvious effect on the improvement of microhardness and wear resistance, and the coarse WC has an obvious improvement on the electrochemical corrosion performance.

     

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