Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites (CF/EP) have been widely used in industry due to the excellent mechanical properties, but poor interlaminar property limits the performance advantage. Interleaving toughening is one of the valid methods to solve this problem. With the development of material science and technology, the thermoplastic resin and carbon nanomaterials are successively used in the study of the interleaved composites. The research progress of the interleaved composites by thermoplastic resin, carbon nanomaterials and combination of both was reviewed, and the toughening mechanism of thermoplastic/thermoset dualphase system and its synergy with carbon nanomaterials was analyzed, which provided the guideline and reference for the subsequent research on the interleaved composites.