橡胶-砂-聚氨酯复合材料冻融循环后强度特性及本构模型

Strength characteristics and constitutive model of rubber-sand-polyurethane composites after freeze-thaw cycles

  • 摘要: 研究废旧轮胎颗粒材料改良方法及强度特性是将其用于寒区桩基抗冻性能改善的基础。首先,按橡胶∶砂∶聚氨酯=3∶2∶1的质量比制作了若干复合材料试样;其次,通过静三轴试验,获得了不同温度、冻融循环次数及围压下试样的应力-应变曲线。试验结果表明:橡胶-砂-聚氨酯复合材料的应力-应变曲线无明显峰值点,具有显著的应变强硬化特征;试样破坏强度随温度降低而增加;冻结状态下,试验温度每降低5.0℃,其破坏强度约增加15.0%;试样破坏强度随冻融循环次数增加而降低,但平均降幅不足5.0%;围压对20.0℃常温试样破坏强度的影响幅度达15.0%,而对冻结试样破坏强度的影响幅度不足5.0%。敏感性分析显示:温度对试样破坏强度的影响最大,围压及冻融循环次数的影响相对较小,说明橡胶-砂-聚氨酯复合材料具有强度适中、结构稳定和抗冻融等特性。在此基础上,建立了考虑温度、围压和冻融循环的橡胶-砂-聚氨酯复合材料应力-应变本构模型,验证了模型参数拟合公式的合理性。

     

    Abstract: The improvement methods and strength properties of scrap tire granular materials are the research basis on the frost resistance performance improvement of piles in cold regions. Several composite samples were made according to the mass ratio of rubber∶sand∶polyurethane = 3∶2∶1. The stress-strain curves of samples under different temperatures, confining pressures and number of freeze-thaw cycles were obtained by triaxial tests. The test results show that the stress-strain curve of rubber-sand-polyurethane composite has no obvious peak point, and has obvious strain hardening characteristic. The failure strength of the sample increases with the decrease of temperature, and increases by 15.0% when the test temperature decreases by 5.0℃ for frozen samples. The failure strength values of samples decrease with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, but the average decrease is less than 5.0%. The effect of confining pressures on the failure strength of the 20.0℃ sample is about 15.0%, while that of the frozen samples is less than 5.0%. The sensitivity analysis shows that the temperature has the greatest impact on the failure strength of rubber-sand-polyurethane composites, while the confining pressure and the number of freeze-thaw cycles have little effect. The rubber-sand-polyurethane composites have the characteristics of moderate strength, stable structure and freeze-thaw resistance. The stress-strain constitutive model of rubber-sand-polyurethane composite after consideration of the temperature, confining pressure and freeze-thaw cycle was established, and the rationality of the model parameters fitting formula was verified.

     

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