Abstract: In order to study the anti-penetration performance of 3-layer and above layered composite structures and entangled metallic wire material (EMWM) sandwich composite structures, 4 composite structures (SiC/UHMWPE/TC4, SiC/TC4/UHMWPE, SiC/UHMWPE/EMWM/TC4 and SiC/TC4/EMWM/UHMWPE) were designed using silicon carbide ceramics (SiC), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), titanium alloy (TC4) and entangled metallic wire material (EMWM). The split-Hopkinson pressure bar test was used to study the dynamic mechanical behavior of the composite structures. Based on penetration test and numerical simulation, the anti-penetration mechanism, protection performance and energy characteristics of the composite structures were analyzed. Finally, the influence of the restraint effect on the anti-penetration performance of the EMWM composite structure was explored. The results show that the 4 composite structures designed have advantages in reducing mass and thickness. EMWM can delay and hinder the transmission of stress wave in the composite structures, which helps to reduce the damage of the composite structure. Imposing constraints on EMWM can significantly improve the anti-penetration performance of EMWM composite structures.