Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) antibacterial materials have attracted much attention owing to the advantages such as their large specific surface area, high porosity, adjustable pore size, and good biocompatibility. They are hot materials for the development of efficient and recyclable antibacterial surgical mask. Firstly, this paper analyzed the characteristics of MOFs antibacterial composite materials and their antibacterial mechanism. Then, it summarized the research progress of several types of common MOFs antibacterial composite materials and their fibers based on Ag, Cu, Zn. At last, it discussed the application of MOFs antibacterial functional textiles in the medical treatment and public health, and prospected the potential application value of MOFs antibacterial composite fibers in surgical mask.