Abstract: In order to improve the softness and fragility of traditional cellulose hydrogel materials, broaden its application area and develop cellulose hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, the cellulose hydrogel with loose chemical crosslinking network was prepared by adding epichlorohydrin into cellulose dissolved in LiOH-urea aqueous solution. Then the alkali-urea inclusion complex in the acid solution was removed to introduce physical crosslinking. The dual-crosslinking cellulose hydrogel with temporary orientation was obtained. On this basis, the researcher regulated mechanical force to stretch and fix the hydrogel with double network structure along the length direction to obtain anisotropic cellulose hydrogels with different mechanical properties. Research shows, the maximum tensile strength of cellulose hydrogels can reach 2.96 MPa after stretching, and the cellulose hydrogel exhibits color polarization phenomenon under polarized light, showing typical optical anisotropy. This method can construct cellulose hydrogels with high strength and optical anisotropy. This type of hydrogels has good application prospects in the fields of intelligent soft matter and others.