Abstract: Developing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a powerful measure to alleviate current energy and environmental problems, but their energy density can no longer meet the high requirements of future energy storage devices. The development of LIBs with high energy density must start from improving the performance of electrode materials. Silicon-based materials have the advantages of high capacity, low cost, and low platform voltage, and are considered to be the most promising anode materials. However, this type of material would undergo a huge volume change (300%) during charging and discharging processes, resulting in serious capacity decline or even failure. In recent years, researchers have begun to focus on improving the performance of silicon-based anodes through structural design and composite modification of the binder in the electrode, and significant results have been achieved. In this paper, the existing problems of silicon-based anodes were briefly introduced, and the types of the binders suitable for silicon-based anodes were summarized. The progress in the design and modification of the binders in silicon-based anodes in recent years was reviewed from the aspects of molecular chain structure design of the binders and enhancement of inter particle force in the electrode. Finally, the development trend and future prospect of the binders for silicon-based anodes were prospected.