Mechanical properties of jujube pit/linear low density polyethylene composites
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摘要: 为充分利用红枣精深加工产生的废弃物，以枣核(JP)和低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)为主要材料，采用注塑成型法制备JP/LLDPE复合材料，并对其静态力学性能(拉伸、弯曲和冲击)和动态力学性能(动态黏弹性、蠕变行为和应力松弛行为)进行系统测试分析。静态力学性能分析表明，随JP含量的增加，JP/LLDPE复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度逐渐降低，但复合材料的弯曲强度得到明显的提升。当JP添加量为20wt%时，JP/LLDPE复合材料的弯曲强度最高，较纯LLDPE的弯曲强度提高63.57%；动态力学分析表明，JP含量的增加有利于提高JP/LLDPE复合材料的刚性、抗蠕变性能和抗应力松弛性能，而温度的升高会对JP/LLDPE复合材料的抗蠕变性能和抗应力松弛性能产生不利的影响。Abstract: In order to make full use of the waste generated during the deep processing of red jujube, jujube pit (JP) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) composites were prepared by injection molding method with JP and LLDPE as the main components. The static mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact) and dynamic mechanical properties (dynamic viscoelastic, creep behavior and stress relaxation behavior) were fully tested and analyzed. The static mechanical properties analysis show that the tensile and impact strength of JP/LLDPE composites are decreased as the JP contents increase, while the flexural strength of the composites is obviously improved. When the addition contents of JP reach 20wt%, the JP/LLDPE composite exhibit optimal flexural strength, which is 63.57% higher than that of pure LLDPE. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirms that the increase of JP contents is beneficial to improve the rigidity, creep resistance and stress relaxation of JP/LLDPE composites, but the increase of temperature adversely affects the creep resistance and stress relaxation resistance of JP/LLDPE composites.
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Keywords:
- jujube pit /
- low density polyethylene /
- composites /
- waste utilization /
- mechanical properties
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图 1 JP和JP/LLDPE复合材料冲击断面的SEM图像
Figure 1. SEM images of JP and JP/LLDPE composite impact profiles
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图 2 LLDPE和JP/LLDPE复合材料的静态力学性能
Figure 2. Static mechanical properties of LLDPE and JP/LLDPE composites
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图 3 LLDPE和JP/LLDPE复合材料的储能模量 (a) 和损耗因子 (b) 与温度的关系
Figure 3. Relationship between storage modulus (a) and loss factor (b) of LLDPE and JP/LLDPE composites with temperature
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图 4 LLDPE和JP/LLDPE复合材料的储能模量 (a) 和损耗因子 (b) 与频率的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between storage modulus (a) and loss factor (b) of LLDPE and JP/LLDPE composites with frequency
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图 5 JP/LLDPE 复合材料在不同条件下的蠕变曲线
Figure 5. Creep curves of JP/LLDPE composites under different conditions
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图 6 JP/LLDPE复合材料在不同条件下的应力松弛曲线
Figure 6. Stress relaxation curves of JP/LLDPE composites under different conditions
表 1 枣核/低密度聚乙烯(JP/LLDPE)复合材料配方
Table 1 Formulations of jujube pit/linear low density polyethylene (JP/LLDPE) composites
wt% No. 10wt% JP/LLDPE 20wt% JP/LLDPE 30wt% JP/LLDPE 40wt% JP/LLDPE 50wt% JP/LLDPE JP 10 20 30 40 50 LLDPE 80 70 60 50 40 TPW604 2 2 2 2 2 Calcium stearate 2 2 2 2 2 MAPE 6 6 6 6 6 Note: MAPE—Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene. 
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表 2 JP的组成成分
Table 2 Composition of JP
wt% Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin Ash Water extract 29.73±0.51 28.48±0.75 31.60±0.45 1.35±0.36 8.84±0.58
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