Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by improved Hummers method and to obtain maleic anhydride (MAH)-GO by graft modification with MAH. 4,4’-diamino diphenyl methane bismaleimide (MBMI) resin as the reactive monomer, diallyl bisphenol A (BBA) and bisphenol A bisallyl ether (BBE) as reactive diluents, MBMI-BBA-BBE (MBAE) resin matrix was synthesized. The MAH-GO/MBAE composites were prepared by in-situ polymerization, the microstructure of MAH-GO was characterized and the effect of the reinforcement on mechanical properties of the MAH-GO/MBAE composites was studied. The results show that MAH is successfully grafted on the surface of GO, with clear lamellar structure and folds on the surface, and the graft rate is determined by chemical titration to be about 11.32%. The micromorphology of MAH-GO/MBAE composites shows that the fracture cracks are irregularly divergent and are typical ductile fracture, when MAH-GO is an appropriate amount and uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin. The impact strength and the bending strength of the MAH-GO/MBAE composite are 15.88 kJ/m² and 142.13 MPa, which are 67.68% and 43.61% higher than that of the matrix resin, respectively, when the content of MAH-GO is 0.5wt%. The mechanical properties have been improved obviously.