Abstract: For exploring the effect of continuously changed needle punched density during the needle punching process on the damage degree of the quartz woven fabrics and the fiber orientation distribution of quartz nonwoven felt in preform of the 3D needle punched composites, stereomicroscope was used to gather the pictures, which recorded the changes in the macro morphology with different needle punched densities, and an approach based on MATLAB software to characterize the damage degree of the quartz fabric woven was presented. Shimadzu AGS-250KNE universal testing machine was used to test the tensile property of the quartz woven fabrics under different needle punched densities. DHU-11 nonwoven felt orientation distribution testing machine was used for testing the fiber orientation distribution of the quartz nonwoven felts under different needle density values and angle range of 0°~180°. The results of the experiment indicate that the R value presenting to characterize damage degree of the quartz fabric woven is 0.518 when the needle punched density reaches 210 punches/cm², which is approximately equal to the R value at 245 punches/cm² (0.515). Therefore, it can be concluded that the damage degree of the quartz fabric woven has reached the limit when the needle-punched density reaches 210 punches/cm². When the needle punched density is zero, the fiber orientation distribution of quartz nonwoven felt shows obvious normal distribution. The fiber orientation distribution amount within the angle range of 0°-15°, 165°-180° and 90° is bigger than that of other angle range under the same needle punched density. Moreover, the fiber orientation distribution amount under the same angle tends to decrease gradually with the increase of the needle needle punched density.