Abstract: The cube compressive test, axial compressive test and splitting tensile test were conducted on 270 polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete test blocks with polypropylene fiber content (volume fraction) of 0vol%, 0.1vol%, 0.2vol%, 0.3vol%, 0.4vol%, 0.5vol% and steel fiber content (volume fraction) of 0vol%, 0.5vol%, 1vol%, 1.5vol% and 2vol% respectively. Based on the mechanical theory of polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete composites, the strength prediction model was established considering the fiber orientation coefficient, effective length coefficient and interfacial bond coefficient. The mechanism was also analyzed. Six polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete columns were made from polypropylene fiber with a content of 0vol%, 0.1vol%, 0.3vol% and steel fiber with a content of 0vol%, 1.5vol% to perform large eccentric compression test. On the basis of strength prediction model, the bearing capacity of polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete was calculated. The results show that steel fiber can improve the compressive strength, axial compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete. Polypropylene fiber can improve the splitting tensile strength of polypropylene-steel fiber/concrete, but can’t improve the compressive strength. The ultimate bearing capacity of concrete columns can be effectively increased by adding polypropylene-steel fibers.