Impact resistance of composite panels under in-plane preloading
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摘要: 考虑面内初始载荷作用，开展复合材料层合板高速冲击响应与损伤特性研究。设计一种面内拉伸/压缩/剪切初始载荷施加装置，结合气炮试验装置，提出一种初始载荷复合材料高速冲击试验方法，针对X850/IM+和M21C/IMA两种牌号复合材料层合板开展高速冲击试验。结果表明：面内初始载荷对复合材料层合板高速冲击响应和损伤特性有显著影响；相比无初始载荷冲击情况，面内拉伸载荷作用提高了结构抗弯刚度，使冲击剩余速度提高，穿透速度降低，分层损伤面积减小；而面内压缩载荷则反之。Abstract: Taking the effect of the in-plane preloading into consideration, the impact behavior of composite panels was studied. A kind of in-plane loading device was designed to apply tension, compression and shear loads. The high-speed impact test method of preloaded composite structures was proposed with the gas gun and the in-plane loading device. Then high-speed impact tests for X850/IM+ and M21C/IMA composite panels were conducted. The test results show that the in-plane preload has a significant influence on the impact response. Compared with the non-preloaded impact process, the in-plane pre-tension raises the structural bending stiffness and the residual speed, resulting in a decrease of the penetration velocity and delamination area, while the effect of the in-plane pre-compression is opposite.
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图 2 复合材料层合板高速冲击试验原理图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of high-speed impact test for composite laminates
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图 3 X850/IM+复合材料层合板冲击反射/透射速度
Figure 3. Impact rebound/penetration speeds of X850/IM+ composite laminates
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图 4 M21C/IMA复合材料牌号层合板冲击反射/透射速度
Figure 4. Impact rebound/penetration speeds of M21C/IMA composite laminates
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图 5 X850/IM+层合板冲击损伤C扫描图像
Figure 5. Impact damage C-scanning images of X850/IM+ laminates
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图 6 M21C/IMA复合材料层合板冲击损伤C扫描图像
Figure 6. Impact damage C-scanning images of M21C/IMA composite laminates
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图 7 5×10−3拉伸X850/IM+复合材料层合板冲击后背面纤维撕裂
Figure 7. Torn fiber on the back of X850/IM+ composite laminatesunder 5×10−3 pretension
表 1 复合材料层合板高速冲击试验矩阵
Table 1 High-speed impact test matrix for composite laminates
Initial velocity/(m·s−1) Preloading −5.0×10−3 0 5.0×10−3 40 4 pieces 4 pieces 4 pieces 50 4 pieces 4 pieces 4 pieces 60 4 pieces 4 pieces 4 pieces 
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表 2 X850/IM+复合材料层合板冲击损伤面积
Table 2 Impact damage areas of X850/IM+ composite laminates
Initial velocity/
(m·s−1)Tension/
mm2Unload/
mm2Compression/
mm240 215 224 573 50 2 068 1 878 2 151 60 1 950 2 001 2 614
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表 3 M21C/IMA层合板冲击损伤面积
Table 3 Impact damage areas of M21C/IMA laminates
Initial velocity/(m·s−1) Tension/
mm2Unload/
mm2Compression/
mm240 236 559 986 50 1 929 536 1 287 60 1 804 1 888 1 867
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