Abstract: The theoretical solving techniques of vibration responses of fiber reinforced resin composite thin cylindrical shell in thermal environment were studied. Considering the influences of base excitation load and thermal environment, a theoretical model of the shell with such kind of materials was established, where the constitutive relations, physical equations and energy equations of the materials and structures were determined based on the plate and shell theory, complex elastic modulus approach, etc. The vibration mode function was represented by the bidirectional beam function method, so that the frequency domain vibration response can be successfully solved by the Ritz method and the mode superposition approach with the proportional damping being introduced. A TC300 fiber/epoxy resin composite cylindrical shell was taken as a study object. The first 3 frequency response curves of the shell structure were measured. It has been found that compared with the first 3 resonant responses measured, the error of resonant responses obtained by theoretical calculation is less than 14.8%. Thus, the correctness and effectiveness of the analytical method proposed have been verified.